Choosing wisely? Multiple Sclerosis and Laboratory Screening for Autoimmune Differential Diagnoses

The diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) are based on a combined evaluation of clinical symptoms and MRI findings [1]. The MRI criteria for multiple sclerosis introduced by Swanton et al. take location and distribution as well as configuration, number and contrast behavior of MS lesions into account [2]. In more recent studies, perivenous distribution of multiple sclerosis lesions has been shown to be an additional criterion for MS [3, 4]. In German-speaking countries, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings have traditionally played an important role in establishing the initial diagnosis of MS and are still considered of particular importance in this respect today. Choosing wisely? Multiple Sclerosis and Laboratory Screening for Autoimmune Differential Diagnoses